Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Active participation and social integration service delivery model for youth with autism spectrum disorders

Rachel L. Smith, MS, Marieke Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS, Georgia Frey, PhD

Abstract


Although the field of recreational therapy has a number of conceptual models of practice, there are few service delivery models. Service delivery models provide practitioners with the frameworks needed to contextualize focused intervention practices to achieve prescribed outcomes. The active participation and social integration (APASI) model provides a framework to recreational therapists for successfully integrating youth with autism spectrum disorders into the recreation mainstream. First, the background, need, and purpose of the APASI model are described, followed by the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the model. Next, the process of the model is detailed. Finally, benefits, limitations, and implications for research and practice are discussed.

Keywords


autism spectrum disorders, recreational therapy, service delivery model, social integration

Full Text:

PDF

References


Skalko T: Revisiting the philosophical foundations for recreational therapy: An imperative for survival. Am J Recreation Therapy. 2009; 8(1): 7-14.

Austin DR: Conceptual models in therapeutic recreation. In Austin DR, Dattilo J, McCormick BP (eds.): Conceptual Foundations for Therapeutic Recreation. State College, PA: Venture Publishing, 2002: 1-30.

Austin DR: The heath protection/health promotion model. Ther Recreation J. 1998; 32(2): 109-117.

Carruthers C, Hood C: Building a life of meaning through therapeutic recreation: The leisure and well-being model, Part 1. Ther Recreation J. 2007; 41(4): 276-297.

Hood CD, Carruthers C: Enhancing leisure experience and developing resources: The leisure and well-being model, Part II. Ther Recreation J. 2007; 41(4): 298-326.

Stumbo NJ, Peterson CA: The leisure ability model. Ther Recreation J. 1998; 32(2): 82-96.

Jackson SM. The kinship triad: A service delivery model. Child Welfare. 1996; 75(5): 583-599.

Lee Y: Critique of Austin’s health protection and health promotion model. Ther Recreation J. 1998; 32(2): 118-123.

Bullock CC: The leisure ability model: Implications for the researcher. Ther Recreation J. 1998; 32(2): 97-102.

American Psychological Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders. 4th ed. text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000.

Williams GJ, White S, Keonig K, et al.: Social skills development in children with autism spectrum disorders: A review of the intervention research. J Autism Dev Disord. 2007; 37(10): 1858-1868.

Bauminger N, Kasari C: Loneliness and friendship in high-functioning children with autism. Child Dev. 2000; 71(2): 447-456.

Locke J, Ishijima EH, Kasari C, et al.: Loneliness, friendship quality and the social networks of adolescents with high-functioning autism in an inclusive school setting. J Res Spec Educ Needs. 2010, 10: 74-81.

Howlin P, Goode S. Outcome in adult life for individuals with autism. In Volkmar F (ed.): Autism and Developmental Disorders. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Pan C, Frey G: Physical activity patterns in youth with autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2006; 36(5): 597-606.

Curtin C, Bandini LG, Perrin EC, et al.: Prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders: A chart review. Pediatrics. 2005, 48(5): 1-7.

American Therapeutic Recreation Association: What is TR? Available at http://www.atra-online.com/displaycommon.cfm?an=12. 2009. Accessed November 10, 2011.

Kelly JR: Leisure. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1996.

Rossman JR, Schlatter BE. Recreation Programming: Designing Leisure Experiences. Champagin, IL: Sagamore Publishing, 2008.

World Health Organization: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health - Children and Youth Version. ICF-CY. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007.

World Health Organization: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001.

Porter H, Van Puymbroeck M: Utilization of the international classification of functioning, disability, and health within therapeutic recreation practice. Ther Recreation J. 2007; 41(1): 47-60.

Van Puymbroeck M, Porter HR, McCormick B: The role of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in therapeutic recreation practice, research and education. In Stumbo N (ed.): Professional Issues in Therapeutic Recreation. 2nd ed. Champaign, IL: Sagamore Publishing, 2009: 43-58.

Gable S, Haidt J: What (and why) is positive psychology? Rev Gen Psychol. 2005; 9(2): 103-109.

Seligman M, Csikszentmihalyi M: Positive psychology: An introduction. Am Psychol. 2000; 55: 5-14.

Duckworth AL, Steen TA, Seligman M: Positive psychology in clinical practice. Annu Rev Psychol. 2005; 1: 629-651.

Sheldon K, Lyubomirsky S: Achieving sustainable new happiness: Prospects, practices, and prescriptions. In Linley P, Joesph S (eds.): Positive Psychology in Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2004: 127-145.

Bertolino B. Strength-Based Engagement and Practice. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, 2010.

Chiang I-T, Lee Y, Frey GC, et al.: Testing the situationally modified social rank theory on friendship quality in male youth with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Ther Recreation J. 2004; 38(3): 261-274.

Deci EL, Ryan RM. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York: Plenum, 1985.

Deci EL, Ryan RM: Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemp Educ Psychol. 2000; 25: 54-67.

Deci E, Ryan R: Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life’s domains. Can Psychol. 2008; 49: 14-23.

Langer EJ, Rodin J. The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: A field experiment in an institutional setting. J Personal Soc Psychol. 1976; 34(2): 191-198.

Drake R, Goldman H, Leff H, et al.: Implementing evidence- based practices in routine mental health service settings. Psychiatr Serv. 2001; 52(2): 179-182.

Drake R, McHugo G, Bebout R, et al.: A randomized clinical trial of supported employment for inner-city patients with severe mental illness. Arch Gen Psychiat. 1999; 56: 627-633.

Drake R, McHugo G, Becker D, et al.: The New Hampshire study of supported employment for people with severe mental illness. J Consul Clin Psychol. 1996; 64(2): 391-399.

Bond G: Supported employment: Evidence for an evidence- based practice. Psychiat Rehab J. 2004; 27(4): 345- 359.

Pinkham AE, Hopfinger JB, Pelphrey KA, et al.: Neural bases for impaired social cognition in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Schizo Res. 2008; 99: 164-175.

Rinaldi M, Perkins R, Glynn E, et al.: Individual placement and support: From research to practice. Adv Psychiatr Treat. 2008; 13: 50-60.

National Research Council: Educating Children with Autism. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences Education, Committee on Educational Interventions for Children with Autism. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.

Lord C, Bishop SL: Autism spectrum disorders: Diagnosis, prevalence, and service for children and families. Sharing Child Youth Devel Knowledge. 2010; 24(2): 1-27.

Barry T, Klinger L, Lee J, et al.: Examining the effectiveness of an outpatient clinic-based social skills group for high-functioning children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2003; 33(6): 685-701.

Pierce K, Schreibman L: Increasing complex social behaviors in children with autism: Effects of peer-implemented pivotal response training. J Appl Behav Anal. 1995; 28(3): 285-295.

Long T, Robertson T. Inclusion concepts, process, and models. In Human Kinetics (eds.): Inclusive Recreation: Programs and Services for Diverse Populations. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2010: 61-78.

Liber DB, Frea WD, Symon JB: Using time-delay to improve social play skills with peers for children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2008; 38(2): 312-323.

Koegel RL, Vernon TW, Koegel LK: Improving social initiations in young children with autism using reinforcers with embedded social intersections. J Autism Dev Disord. 2009; 39(9): 1240-1251.

Matson JL, Matson ML, Rivet TT: Social-skills treatments for children with autism spectrum disorders: An overview. Behav Mod. 2007; 31(5): 682-707.

Kearney AJ: Understanding Applied Behavior Analysis: An Introduction to ABA for Parents, Teachers, and Other Professionals. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2007.

Williams GJ, Reisberg L. Successful inclusion: Teaching social skills through curriculum integration. Interven School Clin. 2003; 38(4): 205-210.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2011.0016

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.